Download the biography of Mandelstam

A prose writer, translator, literary critic 3. He studied the history of literature, translated European classics, published research articles and prose. For one of the poet’s poems, they repressed twice. The last link - to the Far East - Osip Mandelstam did not survive. His father, Emilius Mandelstam, was a merchant of the first guild, and was engaged in the production of gloves.

He independently studied the German language, was fond of German literature and philosophy, lived in Berlin in his youth. Mother - Flora Verblovskaya - was engaged in music. Parents wanted to give children a good education and introduce them to the cultural life of the northern capital, so Mandelstam lived between St. Petersburg and Pavlovsky. The latest teaching methods were used here, students published a magazine, gave concerts, staged performances.

At the school, Osip Mandelstam became interested in the theater, music and wrote his first verses. After graduating from the school, Mandelstam went abroad. He listened to lectures in the Sorbonne. In the year, the young poet entered the historical and philological faculty of St. Petersburg University. In the same year, he joined the “Workshop of the Poets” of Nikolai Gumilyov.

Osip Mandelstam published poems, literary articles in St. Petersburg publications, performed with his works on stage. In the year, the first collection of poems of the young poet - the book "Stone" was published. His brother, Evgeny Mandelstam, later recalled: “The publication of the“ stone ”was“ family ” - the father gave money for the release of the book. The circulation is all copies.

In terms of the scale of that time in the book market, this sounded like the first recognition of the poet readers. ” A short but stormy romance broke out between Marina Tsvetaeva and Mandelstam, at the end of which the poet disappointed in love was even going to go to the monastery. However, hunger forced him to leave this city. The poet constantly moved - Crimea, Tiflis. In Kyiv, he met his future wife - Nadezhda Khazina.

In the year, they returned to Petersburg together, and after another two years they got married. And a year later, the second book was published. In the year, Mandelstam began to refuse to print poetry. In the next five years, he almost left poetry. This gave a young family at least some income. Osip Mandelstam studied Italian on his own. In the year, in the Leningrad magazine "Star" was published "Journey to Armenia" by Mandelstam.

He allowed himself frank, sometimes sharp descriptions of the young Soviet republic and knuckles to the famous "social activists". Soon, devastated critical articles came out - in the literary newspaper and Pravda. He read it about fifteen acquaintances. This is not a literary fact, but the fact of suicide, which I do not approve and in which I do not want to take part.

" The poet destroyed the paper records of this poem, and his wife and friend Emma Gershtein learned him by heart. Hershtein later recalled: “In the morning, Nadia [Mandelstam] suddenly came to me, we could say. She spoke abruptly. It cannot be recorded. Nobody except me knows him. It is necessary that someone else remembers it. It will be you. We will die, and then you will pass it on to people.

” Who whistles, who is meowing, who whimpers, he is only babing and pokes, like a horseshoe, he smokes a decree for decree: to whom in the groin, to whom in the forehead, to whom in an eyebrow, to whom in the eye. First he was sent to Cherdyn-on-Cam. Here he worked in magazines, newspapers, theaters, wrote poetry. Later they were published in the collections of Voronezh notebooks.

The money earned catastrophically lacked, but friends and relatives supported the family. When the exile ended and Mandelstams moved to Kalinin, the poet was again arrested. He was sentenced to five years of camps for counter -revolutionary activities and sent a stage for the Far East. The reason for his death and the burial place are for certain. After the death of Stalin, the poet was rehabilitated in one of the affairs, and in the year in the second.

His poems, prose, memoirs were preserved by Nadezhda Mandelstam. She drove something with her in the “manuscript suitcase”, kept something only in memory. In the years, Nadezhda Mandelstam has published several memories of the poet. In publications.