Biography Nikolai Nikonov

Nikonov Nikolay Grigoryevich [born in a family of employees. He graduated from the History and Philology Faculty of the Sverdlovsk State Pedagogical Institute, taught history and social studies at school to publish with the Order of Friendship of Peoples Nikonov began with the genres of a miniature story and an author's fairy tale for children. Immersion in the world of nature is preserved in the book of the novels “Forest Days”, in the voluminous collection “Leaves”, in the cognitive-artistic essays “Singing Birds” in Nikonov finds his own aesthetic solution to the theme of the small homeland: this is a “real” Ural forest, in which there is a mysterious “deaf and dull”, the terrible “Leschye mane”; A suburban peat, which in warm April days turns into a wonderful "blue country." There, first of all, life wakes up and bird voices sound.

The theme of the small homeland acquires additional colors in the autobiographical story “The Sun in Birch” The childhood of a city boy who grew up in an old Melkovskaya in the story - the Osnovinsk settlement, preserved in the center of the rapidly growing industrial city, is as poetic as the village. The almost mythological animation of the earth, the sun, trees, beetles and butterflies is motivated in the story by the psychology of childhood.

Ural criticism X approvingly met the appearance of a talented writer in a liter. There was an impeccable sense of word, acute observation, the ability to distinguish between poetic in everyday. The comments were caused by the detachment of a young author from the urgent problems of our time. What is allowed in publications marked “for babies”, “for younger and middle age”, in works for adults is regarded as “ideological immaturity”.

In X, Nikonov works as part of the Soviet cultural era with its ideological priorities, moral criteria and accents. The transition to the anti-communist position for Nikonov is a gradual process: from the smiling Lenin, whose portrait on the eve of October decorates with flowers, and “some comfortable demonstration” in the “sun in birches”-to the “Antichrist” of Lenin and the “devilish revolution” in the novel Steel Soldiers.

The stable-light worldview, recreated in the work of these years, is only occasionally overshadowed by the unreasonable intervention of a person in the nature of the story “The collar”, and “Balchug”, in the era of “stagnation” Nikonov is concentrated on issues of moral order. The upbringing of the young hero is due, according to Nikonov, to comprehend the beautiful.

At some point, the person’s boundless world of earthly beauty is revealed before a person: the beauty of his youth is the story “Valya Medvedev”, the self-confirmation of a classmate, who helps a teenager to defeat the disease “Juno”,, the infinity of the Universe, which a teenager with particular clarity realizes on a clear spring night the story “Snowdrops”, this hero of the era of the era is close to the young man-fax.

Astafyeva "warfare somewhere", the schoolchild of the military eg of V. Rasputin "Lessons of French." These are people of the same generation and one fate. The war is associated with the war, which Nikonov talks about in the “little story” and yet adolescence remains the difficult age when the teenager needs to establish himself as an individual. Sometimes this is performed at the cost of errors and transactions with its own conscience, as happens in the psychological story “The verb of the imperfect type” the end of X - the beginning of X are marked by the appearance of Nikonov’s sharp -acute in their social orientation: the journalistic poem “The Trace of Lynx” and the story of “Old Woman Gora” without being a dissident, Nikonov said a lot of bitter truth about the problems of “developed socialism”.

In the "trace of a lynx" the language of art that has already developed in the work of the writer is noticeably changing. Romanic ties disappear. Realistic artist. The contrasts are focused: a person and his "smaller brothers"; An insatiable city-vavilon and immensely generous, but defenseless "epic" forest. The philosophical meaning is invested in the image of a lynx: this is the perfect creation of nature, the necessary link in the harmonious relationship of all living things on planet Earth.

The destruction of one link threatens, according to the author, irreversible losses. That is why the murder of the last capercaillie and a cat - the “girlfriends” of the cat, the disappearance of the “old woman of larch”, on whose bitch the cat loved to relax, sounds so tragic. Nikonov denounces, warns, sad, indignant, dreams of a time when a person manages to establish good relations with nature.

Nikonov considered the lyric-philosophical poem “Trace of Lynx”.A critical attitude to Soviet reality is imbued with the story “Starikova Gora” in it everything is topically: the joyless paintings “Non -Chernozem Village”, which experienced the destructive consequences of collectivization; the land left without the owner; the phenomenon of social parasitism in the person of a village demagogue, a loafer and drunkard "Diogenes"; ridiculous forms of organization of collective farm labor, forcing peasants to look for earnings on the side; The desolation of peasant farms that once flourished, one of which was located on an overgrown forest of the "old man".

The last representative of this hardworking family is nicknamed in the village with a “fist” and serves as an object of ridicule.

The final phrase expressed hope for the change: "The earth was waiting for its master." Yeltsin as a work undermining the basics of the collective farm system. In a cut -out form, the story was published in the Ural magazine in the novel Vestalka the personal experience of the author, who survived the warrior by a teenager, is supplemented by the experience of participants and contemporaries of military events.

Nikonov does not seek to write another book about exploits or show the vices of the Soviet system, complicating the path of the people to victory. He perceives the war as a “greatest injustice”, containing a “destructive super -sustainness that cripples people physically, and sometimes spiritually.” Nikonov writes about the incompatibility of the concepts of “woman” and “war”.

Nikonov runs the colors to convince the reader: people must learn to value the world, excluding war from their everyday life. The novel "Vestalka" refutes the opinion that nothing significant in the depiction of the Patriotic War has appeared in the literature. In the second half, X Nikonov creates a cycle of journalistic works inspired by trips to the countries of Western Europe: “Reflections on the threshold”, “In search of eternal truths”, “Paris stands Messa”, in which he shared philosophical thoughts about culture and its place in the history of mankind Kuzin N.

Without textbook gloss. The novel “Chalice of Aphrodite” is about a woman who seems to the author an expression of perfect harmony. The motive of "naked nature" is prompted by Nikonov by classic works of sculpture and painting. Retrosted under the name “Joseph the Terrible” with a reduction in the head of “Antichrist” M. Nikonov includes episodes from Stalin’s personal life with her mistress Valechka Istrina, complementing the portrait of Stalin-Politics.

The ideological preparation for the novel can be considered Nikonov’s journalistic article “The Law of Mercy”, fully published in the journal “Ural”, according to Nikonov himself, as a boy, he started a dossier to Stalin, “collected everything related to the life of the leader, newspaper and journal clippings, the stories of his victims and associates” Ignatiev R. Roman - in comprehension of a complex, contradictory, contradictory, contradictory, contradictory, contradictory The mysterious figure of Stalin.

Nikonov has nothing to do with the idealization of the “leader” to understand the soul of this man, “outlowering and a long life, and the struggle with people, and contempt for them”, where “bitter soot and omnivor, aggravated by its power and suspicion”, has been accumulating for years ”the Urals. Comparisons with the images of Lenin, Hitler, and especially the figures of the “subtle leaders” closest to Stalin, are substantial.

This is the "steel soldiers" generated by the "devilish" revolution, who did not know either mercy or fluctuations in the destruction of "enemies". The figure of Stalin was outlined against the backdrop of the October days in Moscow, when the members of the Politburo were forced to obey his will “were close to panic”. The author believes: the will of Stalin, who decided not to leave Moscow and hold a parade on Red Square, the concentration of powerful reserves of the main command near Moscow - all this "played almost the most important role in the defense of the semi -applied capital." For all that, the goal of Stalin, according to Nikonov, was not unequivocal: protecting the capital, he retains himself and his power over a huge country.

The novel “Steel Soldiers” completes the worldview evolution of Nikonov - from the spontaneous adoption of October and Soviet reality to gaining “eternal truths”. Slobozhanimova used materials of Prince. Prose writers, poets, playwrights. Bio -bibliographic dictionary. Volume 2. Next, read:.