Tell us the biography of Chichikov

Brief content. Features of the poem. Gogol “Dead Souls” The image of Chichikov in N. Gogol’s poem “Dead Souls” The poem “Dead Souls” occupies a special place in the work of Gogol. The writer considered this work the main work of his life, the spiritual covenant of Pushkin, who prompted him the basis of the plot. In the poem, the author reflected the way of life and customs of different layers of society - peasants, landowners, officials.

The images in the poem, according to the author, are “not at all portraits from insignificant people, on the contrary, they collect the features of those who consider themselves better than others.” The landowners, owners of serfs, the "owners" of life are shown in the poem. Gogol consistently, from the hero to the hero, reveals their characters and shows the insignificance of their existence.

Starting with Manilov and ending with Plyushkin, the author strengthens his satire and exposes the criminal world of the landowner-chino Russia. The main character of the work - Chichikov - up to the last chapter of the first volume remains a mystery to everyone: both for officials of the city of N and for readers. The author reveals the inner world of Pavel Ivanovich in the scenes of his meetings with the landowners.

Gogol draws attention to the fact that Chichikov is constantly changing and almost copies the manners of the behavior of his interlocutors. Talking about Chichikov’s meeting with a box, Gogol says that in Russia a person talks differently with the owners of two hundred, three hundred, five hundred souls: “... at least get to a million, all there are shades.” Chichikov studied people perfectly, in any situation he knows how to find benefits, always says what they would like to hear from him.

So, with Manilov, Chichikov is highly fibbed, amiable and flattering. With the box, he talks already without special ceremonies, and his vocabulary is consonant with the style of the mistress. Communication with an impudent ostrus liar is not easy, since Pavel Ivanovich does not tolerate familiar appeal, "... unless if a person is too high." However, hoping for a profitable deal, he does not leave Nozdrev’s estate until the last and tries to become like him: he turns to “you”, adopts a boorish tone, behaves familiarly.

The image of Sobakevich, personifying the thoroughness of the landlord being, immediately encourages Pavel Ivanovich the story of the most thorough conversation about dead souls. Chichikov manages to arrange a “slot on the human body” - Plyushkin, who has long lost its connection with the outside world and forgot the norms of politeness. To do this, it was enough for him to play the role of a “motley”, ready at a loss to save a random acquaintance from the need to pay taxes for the dead peasants.

It is not difficult for Chichikov to change their appearance, because it has all the qualities that form the basis of the characters of the depicted landowners. This is confirmed by episodes in a poem, where Chichikov remains alone with himself and he does not need to adapt to others. Inspecting the city of N, Pavel Ivanovich “tore off the poster nailed to the pillar, so that, having come home, to read it well”, and after reading, “he turned it neatly and put it in his casket, where he used to put everything that came across.” This resembles the habits of Plyushkin, who collected and kept various kinds of rags and toothpicks.

The colorlessness and uncertainty, accompanying Chichikov to the last pages of the first volume of the poem, are distinguished by Manilov. That is why officials of the provincial city are building ridiculous guesses, trying to establish the true personality of the hero. Chichikov’s love neatly and pedantically laying out everything in his casket brings him closer to the box.

Nozdrev notes that Chichikov looks like Sobakevich. All this suggests that the character of the protagonist, as in the mirror, was reflected in the features of all landowners: Manilov love for meaningless conversations and “noble” gestures, and the pettiness of the box, and the narcissism of Nozdrev, and the rudeness of Sobakevich, and the Skopidism of Plyushkin.

And at the same time, Chichikov is sharply different from the landowners shown in the first chapters of the poem. He has a different psychology than Manilov, Sobakevich, Nozdrev and other landowners. He is characterized by extraordinary energy, business grip, determination, although morally he does not rise at all over the owners of fortress souls. Perennial bureaucratic activity left a noticeable imprint on his manner of behavior and speech.

The certificate of this is the warm welcome provided to him in the provincial “high society”. Among officials and landowners, he is a new person, an acquirer who will replace Manilov, Nosdrev, Sobakevichs and Plyushkin. Chichikov’s soul, just like the souls of landowners and officials, was dead. He is inaccessible to the “shining joy of life”, he is almost completely devoid of human feelings.

In order to achieve his practical goals, he pacified his blood, which "played strongly." Gogol sought to understand Chichikov’s psychological nature as a new phenomenon, and for this, in the last chapter of the poem, he talks about his life. Chichikov’s biography explains the formation of character revealed in the poem.The hero’s childhood was dull and joyless, without friends and maternal affection, with the constant pursuns of a sick father, and could not but affect his future fate.

Father left him in the inheritance of half a copper and the Testament to carefully study, please teachers and bosses, and, most importantly, to protect a penny. Pavlusha well learned the instruction of his father and directed all his energy to the achievement of the cherished goal - wealth. He quickly realized that all the high concepts only interfere with the achievement of his goal, and began to make his way his own.

At first, he acted childishly straightforwardly-he pleased the teacher in every possible way and, thanks to this, became his favorite. Having matured, he realized that every person can be found a special approach, and began to achieve more significant successes. Having promised to marry the daughter of his boss, he received the place of the tender.

During the service at the customs, he managed to convince his superiors of his incidence, and later establish contact with the smugglers and make a huge fortune. All the brilliant victories of Chichikov eventually ended in failure, but no failures could break his thirst for profit. However, the author notes that in Chichikov, unlike Plyushkin, “there was no attachment to money for money, they were not owned by scruffy and stinginess.

No, they didn’t move them - he seemed to be ahead of life in all her contentment, so that, finally, over time, he will certainly taste all this, that was why the penny was saved. ” Gogol notes that the main character of the poem is the only character capable of manifestation of the movements of the soul. And it was precisely this “human” movement of the soul that led to the failure of his promising venture.

According to the author, sincerity, sincerity and selflessness are the most dangerous qualities in the world where cynicism, lies and profit reign. The fact that Gogol transferred his hero to the second volume of the poem says that he believed in his spiritual revival. In the second volume of the poem, the writer planned to spiritually “cleanse” Chichikov and put him on the path of spiritual resurrection.

The resurrection of the Hero of Time, according to him, was to be the beginning of the resurrection of the whole society. But, unfortunately, the second volume of Dead Souls was burned, and the third was not written, so we can only assume how Chichikov’s moral revival took place. The summary of the poem "Dead Souls": Tomino one. Chapter the first features of the poem "Dead Souls."