N Kutuzov biography

Years of life: September 16 - April 16 Country: Russian Empire Sphere of Activities: History and Society, Military Great Great Russian Commander, winner of Napoleon in the Patriotic War of the year, a folk hero. The name of Field Marshal Mikhail Golenishchev-Kutuzova enjoys well-known world fame. Raised in the best traditions of Russian military art, the foundations of which were laid down by Peter I, Rumyantsev and Suvorov, Kutuzov, in more difficult historical conditions, raised Russian military art to a new, higher level.

By the power of his military talent, with his selfless and hard military labor, he achieved the greatest successes, won many victories, whose glory would never fade. The descendant of the ancient boyar family, a graduate of the artillery school, Kutuzov for the first time distinguished himself in and a year, defeating the Poles-Confederates. During the Russo-Turkish war-he showed his military talents, participating in the main battles of this war-under the pockmarked grave, Large and Kagul.

In the year, in a battle with the Crimean Tatars, Kutuzov was wounded in a temple with a bullet that passed through. He survived after a severe injury and was awarded the Order of St. George of the 4th degree. Since the year, he served under the leadership of Suvorov, becoming one of his beloved and most talented students. In years, the commander received the rank of Major General.

During the Russo-Turkish war-in the battle, in the battle of Ochakov, he again received a severe wound. The bullet entered Kutuzov on the cheek and left the back of the head. The wound could be fatal, but the commander survived, which plunged into the amazement of his doctor, noting that fate was keeping Kutuzov for future extraordinary exploits. In the year he participates in the storm of Ishmael, one of the first to burst into the fortress; In the year, Kutuzov won the Turks in Moldova, and soon defeated the Polish rebels Tadeusz Kostyushko.

Under Paul I, Mikhail Illarionovich was made to the generals from infantry. In the 19th century, Europe entered with the thunder of Napoleonic guns. In August, M. Kutuzov at the head of the Russian army moved to Austria, and soon the famous Austerlitsky battle took place, ending with the defeat of the Russian and Austrian troops. Before his beginning, Emperor Alexander I told Kutuzov: “Why are you not attacking?

After all, we are not Tsaritsyn Lug, where the parade does not start, until all the shelves arrive. ” Kutuzov replied: "Sovereign, I will not attack that we are not in the Tsaritsyn meadow." Nevertheless, Kutuzov had to execute the imperial order, which led to the defeat of the Russian-Austrian troops. Subsequently, Alexander did not like Kutuzov, mindful of how he witnessed his generals of military shame.

Nevertheless, in the spring of the year, the emperor had to appoint Kutuzov to the post of commander in chief of the Danube Army in a protracted war with Turkey - in October, under his command, Russian troops inflicted a decisive defeat of the Turkish army near Rushchuk, which forced the Ottoman government to begin peace negotiations. On May 28, Kutuzov was a month before the invasion of Napoleon in Bucharest managed to sign a peace treaty, which ensured the neutrality of the Ottoman Empire in the upcoming war.

This side of the activity of M. Kutuzov is noteworthy: he showed himself as a subtle diplomat, being a messenger in the Ottoman Empire in the years. The result of his activity was the signing of an unprecedented Russian-Ossman treaty, and the Ottoman Empire itself took an active part in the wars of the Second Anti-French Coalition. The popularity of Kutuzov, who in the year was the oldest official among Russian generals, forced Alexander I to sign a decree on the appointment of it by the Commander -in -Chief of the Russian Army.

Kutuzov’s task was not only to stop Napoleon’s further advance, but also to expel him from the Russian limits. He, like his predecessors, adhered to the tactics of retreat, but the army and the whole country were waiting for a decisive battle from him. And Kutuzov gave him near Borodino. Disputes are still continuing about who the battlefield remained: in Stalin's times it was said that it was the victory of the Russian army, the French always recognized themselves as winners.

But, probably, Napoleon himself was most accurate in assessing this battle: “Of all my battles, the most terrible that I gave near Moscow. The French in it showed themselves worthy to win. And the Russians converted the fame to be undefeated.

” Kutuzov, making a difficult decision to leave Moscow, made a skilled Tarutinsky march-maneuver. The second most important battle after Borodin occurred on October 12 by Maloyaroslavets. The city was transferred to his hands eight times, and although in the end he was busy with the French, Napoleon was still forced to abandon movement to the south and turn the old Smolensk road to the war -ruined war.

The retreat of the "Great Army" began. The expulsion of Napoleon from Russia did not mean the complete end of the war. Alexander decided to continue it until the complete destruction of Napoleonic rule in Europe. M. Kutuzov opposed this plan, who believed that the war should end on the Neman River.Europe, in his opinion, must save itself, and the invasion of the Russian army there will bring more benefit not to Russia, but to England.

Alexander I managed to convince Kutuzov, but on April 16, in the small town of Bunzlau, he died. Almost a year after his death, on March 19, the Russian army entered Paris.