Gabriela Mistral Biography

Chilean poetess.

In the years she was at diplomatic work. Her lyrics combined the traditions of Spanish poetry with the animistic imagery of Indian mythology. Collections: "Sonnets of Death", "Despair", "Tala", "Davilny" Laureate of the Nobel Prize and is still called "great stranger." Being always in sight, having an unusually strong public temperament, Gabriela Mistral, whose real name, Lusil by Godda Alkaaga, managed to remain a mysterious special.

The reliable was weaving in her life with legends, with many speculations and guesses. One of the legends, furnished with the poetess by tragic details and wandering in all its biographies is a love story. Allegedly, at the age of 17, Mistral fell in love with the young man with all his heart and her heart, of course, did not know betrayal, but happiness turned out to be short, and her chosen one committed suicide for unexplained circumstances.

The myth - about the fatal, boundless feeling - is nurtured by the "sonnets of death" striking in the tragic power, in which the poetess eagerly mourned the lover who voluntarily passed away. People in the cemetery gap left your ashes - I will dine you on the sun -flooded sun. They did not know that I would fall asleep in the same bed, and we would have to look at the same pillow.

I will put you in the ground as quietly and gently as a mother - a sick son under the canopy, and the earth will become a lullaby to you vastly, and your last dream will be calm and long as the Spanish O. Savich, this cycle of poems covered the hopeless existence of a provincial rural teacher with the first rays of fame. In the year, at the literary competition in Santiago, a rare, although it seemed an insignificant event: the award was awarded to the unknown poet Lusil Hoda.

Evil languages ​​claimed that the jury made its decision in search of the smallest of evils: all the works presented to the competition seemed very weak to the judges; It was not to give a bonus to disrupt the holiday. The jury chose three voluntarily written sonnet under the common title of “Sonnet of Death” only because it was necessary to note something. From the field of legends and the story that the poetess could not read her poems at the holiday, because she had only one dress that did not fit for a luxurious situation, and she listened to the performance of the "sonnets of death", sitting on the gallery.

But the image of a modest rural teacher, "a sort of Jane Air", did not at all fit with the real, personality of Lusil Hoda - persons with a heavy, strange, secretive and touchy character. The story of the only dress could well have happened to the poetess, because she lost her father at an early age and, only due to her own inhuman tension, was able to get a good education, but the myth of the only, fatal passion was debunked by the authoritative biographer - Volodya Tatelboym.

Having collected huge documentary material, he proved that this suicide that really happened was in no way connected with Mistral, that the “deaths of death” have only an indirect attitude to the suicide. Well, love for him - if it was - is not the first at all and, in any case, not the only one. There was another - painful, long, strange - to the little -known poet Manuel Magalianes Moura.

And again the secret, again expanse for noise and guesses. Mistral, who was so obsessed with love for a man, apparently, first of all from her letters, did not know carnal joys. In her biography, it is as if everything is configured to show people, as if big poets are creatures of an unearthly, otherworldly order, which it is not necessary to experience real feelings in order to pour their lava of passion on paper.

As if they knew all this in another, past life. Her poems about children and motherhood gave her a high title of mother of all children. It is difficult to find in world poetry lines dedicated to the highest purpose of a woman - motherhood - more penetrating than that of Mistral. Meanwhile, she did not have her children, and if she raised strangers, then only from the teacher's department.

After the victory in the competition, Mistral willingly printed magazines and newspapers, but the first book of the poetess "Despair" was published only nine years later. Her burning, too pessimistic lines collected under one cover made the impression of stress and for a long time could not find their publisher. The “despair” “Institute of Spain” - the Institute of Spanish countries in the United States, decided to print the “despair” of the Spanish, and only then it was reprinted at home.

All these years, while Mistral’s poetry has broken his way to the reader, she made a pedagogical career. Not everyone loved a strange teacher, but everyone could envy her public temperament. Even in the deaf province of Gabriela, she felt in the center of the universe, in her, despite loneliness and misunderstanding, she grew up a persistent belief that she was written in the family - to be the light of wisdom not only to children, but to the whole genus of the human.In her program poem “Credo” there are lines: “I believe in my heart, she always wanted to be“ more than a poet ”, and she saw her purpose in preaching.

In her“ teacher’s prayer ”she set a goal, frankly, feasible only to the deity:“ Let me become a mother more than the mother themselves, to love and protect, that not the flesh of my flesh in the town. ” Temuku, Gabriela drew attention to the talented student, who later became one of the most famous poets in Chile, Neruda received the creative "baptism" of the Gabriela mother.

citizenship. The ambassador to the explanation for the explanation, she replied: "I accept and I will accept every Chilean who will knock on my door, and especially when it comes to my old friend and a remarkable colleague Neruda." In the mature years, Mistral was overwhelmed by the desire for wandering. At the invitation of the Minister of Education, Mexico Jose Vaskonselos, she came to this country.

The minister, who embodied in the years, revolutionary ideas in the field of education, said that Gabriela is "a sparkling ray that highlights the secrets of human souls." Again, the self -affirmation of the poetess takes place in a foreign country. It is in Mexico Mistral, not knowing the rest, with all the ardor, he is given to the field of education: he opens rural schools and libraries, gives lectures, bathes in glory, feeling himself on equal terms with Diego Rivera, Sikeiro-Ssu, Peliser.

In it, the talent of a lyrical poetess was somehow in a strange way combined with a stormy, daring public temperament. This Mistral threw a passionate appeal to organize the Spanish-American Legion in Nicaragua, which was supposed to help the "small crazy army, ready for the self-sacrifice of" Sandino Army. Having become a laureate of the Nobel Prize, she felt like a citizen of the world, wrote articles, made pacifist speeches - hence her famous “Testament” “Damned Word”, however, if the temperament is enough for her voice to be heard in all corners of the earth, then Latin America remains the lyrical note of her soul.

The unshakable principle of any talent and success was affected - always remaining yourself and not to betray your "little homeland." Indian blood was bubbling into Mistral, made its poetry mysterious, closed to those who were brought up in European culture. In this regard, the story with the preface of the Valerie field to the first poetic collection of Mistral, translated into French.

He appeared as a bridge to the Nobel Prize. The publication itself was paid for by the Chilean government, which was true that the award of the Mistral Prize is the issue of honor of the whole nation. But Valerie's preface caused a sharp rejection among Mistral, for some reason she was offended by the straightforward revelation of the French poet, who knew Gabriel personally. Valerie wrote that he was shocking in the work of the Mistral's tension of feelings, reaching barbaric transcendence, that Gabriela’s poetry is as far from Europe as the South American Mountain Massive of Andes, that mystery Mistral was too physiological and that Valerie did not read anything like this in his lifetime.

Gabriela tore and metala, reading the confession of the Frenchman. She fell upon poor Valerie with all the strength of her unbridled temperament, accusing him of nearby, superficial, Euro-concentration. The French poet probably wounded Mistral in the very heart: trying to realize the ideals of “our America”, representing in all corners of the earth on behalf of her homeland, she, nevertheless, “ran away” from Chile, felt uncomfortable before a small audience of compatriots.

She dreamed of making her oratory rostrum of the globe, all of the cosmos. Such gigantic forces and unprecedented temperament gave her nature. From there, her body was sent to Chile. She arranged national funerals. And not surprisingly: it became the pride of the country, one of the first Latin American writers who became famous throughout the world, and the only woman on the continent - a poetess of this scale.

She fought all her life with evil in a global sense, walked ahead, screamed at the top of her voice, turned to humanity as a whole. In one of her late poems, she demanded that people break the doors separating them; But she did not want to do the doors of her own house, which seemed to her prison, she never wanted to break the doors of personal closure.