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Franklin Roosevelt as a man and politician Hungarian composer, pianist and conductor Ferenz Liszt was born on December 22 in the village of Doboryan Hungary, in the family of school teachers Adam Liszt and maid Maria Anna Lager. This family lived well: the house in which they lived belonged to Prince Miklosh Estherkhazi, who then served his father, and the situation in this house consisted only of the most necessary objects.

The child was born thin and weak and, as it turned out later, suffered from a disease completely unknown then with medicine. This disease tormented him until the age of six. At three years, Ferenc had such a strong attack of unconsciousness that his parents thought he had died and already ordered a coffin ... However, the fears were in vain: the boy was alive.

A small sheet began to show interest in music early - from the age of six, and this interest began with a fascination with gypsy music. Liszt biographers note this way: “The small sheet was especially happy when the gypsies passed through his native village: this was a big event for him. The gypsies usually broke their tent on the edge of the village, and then the sleepy life of the Doboryan revived.

The boy listened for hours listening to gypsy music, violinists who played such melodies, which, as his father explained to him, were not written by anyone, but are born in the soul of the people ... ”Ferenz's father, Adam Liszt had some relation to music-he was an amateur musician. However, in the Doboryan, he did not even have the opportunity to play in the orchestra. To satisfy his need for music, he manages to purchase a small harpsichord, albeit with great difficulty.

The younger son listened with great interest to his game. Adam Liszt wrote about one of these moments in his diary: “Once, when he was six years old, I played a concert of rice. Ferenz, leaning on the back, selflessly listened to music. In the evening, returning from the garden, he sang the main topic of the concert ... This was the beginning of the manifestation of his talent.

He persistently asked me to start teaching his music. ” More or less systematic lessons in the spin game led by his father brought incredible results. Ferenz played perfectly, read freely from a sheet, improvised with extraordinary ease. The senior sheet soon realizes that his son cannot remain his student anymore, that he needs a more qualified teacher. A well -known teacher approached this candidate, who at one time former Beethoven’s former, Karl Cherni.

He listened to the game of Ferenc and was delighted with his talent. Already at nine years old, Ferenz Liszt begins to speak publicly. His first concert was held in the palace of Prince Estherhazi. Here the fate of the boy was decided: five Hungarian magnates who were present at the concert agreed to take over the costs of his education and pay him an annual scholarship.

Whether they realized this noble intention is still unknown. Complete complaints of the letters of Adam Liszt suggest that his son did not receive this money. In May, Adam Liszt receives permission from Prince Estherhazi for vacation, sells all his property and moves with the whole family to Vienna, where the sheet gives several more concerts. In Austria, the sheet was already quite famous.

It is not surprising that his performances were more than successful. According to some reports, Beethoven was present at one of the concerts of the then summer musician. Then the sheet performs in the German city of Peshta. Meanwhile, a annual vacation given to Adam to the Prince Liszt ends. Soon the Liszt Sr. asks another vacation to accompany his son to Paris, but receives a refusal, and then he leaves his position in the service of Estherkhazi, where he worked for twenty-two years.

Around the same time, a small sheet is experiencing joy from its first printed publication of his work. It was a variation on the theme of the Waltz of the Viennese composer Diabelli; Diabelli ordered such variations to many well -known composers, such as Cherni, Humel, Schubert, Beethoven. Here the first stage of the wanderings of the young composer begins. And on September 26, the family arrives in Munich.

There the sheet gives several concerts that are held with unprecedented success. He was lucky even to take the audience with the German king, who, according to eyewitnesses, "could not restrain his tears, listening to the play of the Ferenc." Then they started talking about the sheet as a "new Mozart." In March, the sheet gives the first concert in Paris. Then he, a twelve -year -old boy, receives an order for the composition of the opera, with which the young sheet copes brilliantly.

His first opera was called Don Sancho, or Love Castle. In the summer of the same year, the sheet performs in London and Manchester, and in the year it makes a concert tour of the cities of France - Bordeaux, Toulouse, Marseille, Lyon. Everywhere his performances are stunning success. The hall was filled to capacity, but the opera disappointed the audience.

They said about him: "This is not a small Mozart, but just a good student." And this is not surprising, because the summer child "cannot without naivety illustrate the love nonsense of the pastoral."In the winter of the year, the sheet concerts in the Swiss cities Geneva, Bern, Lucerne and Basel, and at the beginning of the year he performs the third tour of England.

His death made a very painful impression on the sheet. For the young composer, Beethoven was an ideal, and as he himself said, the largest source of inspiration. And six months later, in August, the sheet is experiencing a terrible loss, which has already been directly related to the family: his father dies. He was buried in the French city of Buloni. After the Father’s funeral, the sheet again leaves for Paris, where he later lived for several more years.

In the year, Frederick Chopin arrives in Paris, with whom sheet has friendly relations, and in March they perform with a joint concert. At the end of the year, they gather again, so that, together with the German composer Ferdinand Hiller, to publicly fulfill the “Concert for Three Clawers” ​​I. Marie had an outstanding literary education, and at times she met Goethe. He comes in unusual hours and often accompanies Marie on walks.

Soon Marie leaves, and correspondence is tied between her and the sheet, in which the first signs of flourishing love appear. Not everything went well with her husband, because their marriage was fictitious. They settle in Geneva. The name of one of his most famous works written in the year speaks for itself - this is a collection of musical sketches “The Album of the Traveler”.

Also in the years, he writes the fantasy-sonata “By reading Dante” and the collection “Poetic and Religious Harmony”. Starting from the year, Ferenz Liszt continuously concerts, attends almost all European countries, and for the first time he visited Russia, where he made concerts in St. Petersburg and Moscow. The sheet also came to Russia in the years, when he gave his last concert in Elizavetgrad.

In the year, abandoning concert activities, the sheet moves to the city of Weimar at the invitation to the post of court conductor. Here, in Weimar, the flowering of the work of the Ferenc Liszt begins; The composer creates his most significant works-the sonata of Xi Minor, two piano concerts, the symphonic poems “Prometheus”, “Night procession” and “Ideals”, “Three mourning Odas” one of which the sheet asked to perform at his funeral, “Two Mephistan Wals”, “Faust-symphony”, several rapexia and songs.

The first opera, which he conducted, was the opera of Flotov Marta.

In addition to them, the sheet puts about forty operas, 26 of which went to Weimar for the first time. In the year, the composer Pok 1.