Biography of Dostoevsky soilism
Hard labor and link are as follows: continuation of literary activity. Returning to the capital, F. Dostoevsky plunged into literary activity. Together with his brother Mikhail, he began to publish magazines: “Time”-and after his prohibition-“era”-on the pages of these magazines not only new works “Notes from the Dead House”, “The village of Stepanchikovo and its inhabitants”, “Milished and offended” were published, but also outlined the philosophical and socio-political views of the writer to the present and the future of Russia, called “soil”.
The formation of the philosophy of F. Dostoevsky was decisive by the experience acquired in hard labor. It was there that he sharply felt a deaf wall, sharing the nobles, the intelligentsia and the peasantry. The writer for a long time was looking for a reason that caused such a gap inside one nation, and came to the conclusion that it was not in estate. In his opinion, the reforms of Peter I became the source of the internal separation of the Russian people.
They “Europeanized” only the nobility, without completely changing its thinking to a new, European way, but tearing away from their original “soil”. It was then that the nobility became the bearer of “education” and culture, and the ordinary people retained the traditional values and the “heart” faith in Christ, which, along with self -sacrifice, is the main feature of a Russian national character.
This religiosity, as the writer noted, does not come from knowledge or mind: a Russian person believes as naturally as he breathes. Dostoevsky idealized the people, believing that the essence of folk life in humility and compassion and that Christian values will open the way to the spiritual fraternity. The moral improvement of each individual person could, according to F. Dostoevsky, destroy the political struggle, change relations between people, build in Russia, and then throughout the world, a society of a new type.
Dostoevsky believed that, having overcome the gap between the estates, Russia would be able to avoid revolutions and capitalism, i.e. it weakened, then, as in the war, it was strengthened. The nobility and the intelligentsia will have to return to the "soil", perceive the people from the people of the original moral values, share their knowledge with them, and introduce it to world culture.
Mutual enrichment will occur, class differences will come over, the Russian people will become an environment that will unite all nations in the future, lead them to world harmony under the sign of Christianity. Later, the writer's views will come closer to the position of Slavophiles and the official ideology based on the formula “Orthodoxy, autocracy and nationality”. The proof of this will be the interest in F.
M. Dostoevsky Tsarist's surname Alexander II wanted to introduce his sons with the writer, his friendship with K. Pobedonostsev, the future overall prosecutor of the Holy Synod.