Brief biography Koshkin

Born on November 21, on December 3, in the village of Brynchags of the Uglich district of the Yaroslavl province, now the Pereslavl district of the Yaroslavl region, in a peasant family. He graduated from a parish school and at the summer went to earn money in Moscow, where he acquired the profession of a confectioner. In the first world, the world war was mobilized into the Russian army.

He was injured at the front. In April, a volunteer joined the Red Army. Member of the Civil War. He served in the troops a political worker. In the year, having graduated from the Communist University named after Y. Sverdlov, he worked at a confectionery factory in the city of Vyatka now - the city of Kirov. Then he transferred to party work-the head of the agitopedist of the 2nd district committee of the party, the head of the provincial co-sopart-school, the head of the agitopopodist of the Vyatka province of the party.

In the year of Mikhail Koshkin, as an initiative worker, among the Partyatsniki, they sent to study at the Leningrad Polytechnic Institute the Department of Cars and Tractors, which he successfully graduated in the year and, together with the diploma, received a distribution to the position of designer of the S. plant Kirov in Leningrad, and then worked as deputy head of the KB of this enterprise.

By this time, it became obvious that the tanks that were in service with the Red Army were not able to confront the enemy artillery, and first of all - Hitler Germany. And the international situation, indicating the upcoming war, demanded that the designers of the creation of a combat vehicle, which are in technical terms, have all samples of potential opponents. In the middle - end of the summer of the year, new samples of tanks were tested in Kharkov.

The commission was accepted by the commission that “by strength and reliability, experienced tanks A and A above all previously produced, the practical use of experimental products spread in their places: greater tactical mobility in conditions of intersection during the fights of the Soviet-Finnish war-the caterpillar tank proved. The Kharkiv residents in a record short time finalized the tank according to the comment remarks: armored protection, weapons and more were strengthened.

So, in A, in addition to the idea of ​​a caterpillar move, M. Koshkin embodied a harmonious combination of high combat qualities in fire, armor protection and maneuverability. Decisions of the Defense Committee were prescribed: to make two caterpillar tanks at the base A, taking into account up to 45 millimeters of the armor and the installation of a millimeter gun, as well as in the future to call the tank - “t”.

Two experienced T were urgently manufactured and transferred to military trials on February 10. These tests, held in February - March of the year, fully confirmed the high technical and combat qualities of the new tank. This mileage was headed by the chief designer M. at the request of I. Stalin, the driver-driver N. Nosik and O. Dyukalov drove around the square.

Having examined both T, I. Stalin approvingly responded about them, calling the new tank the “first swallow”. After the review in the Kremlin T, tests were tested at the landfill near Moscow and on the Karelian Isthmus. In April of the year, returning to Kharkov, under the eagle, one of the "thirty -four" overturned into the water. Helping to pull out a tank, already previously cold, M.

Koshkin, very wet. Upon returning to Kharkov, he was urgently hospitalized. Mikhail Ilyich Koshkin, despite the disease, continued to actively lead the finalization of the tank and worked for wear. And his disease suddenly worsened. A specialist surgeon was emergency from Moscow. The patient had to remove the light. But this, unfortunately, did not help the general designer of the best tank of the Second World War, without knowing what heroic and legendary fate was destined for his brainchild, died on September 26 in the sanatorium "Zankov" near Kharkov, where a rehabilitation course of treatment took place.

He was buried in the city of Kharkov. During the funeral of M. Koshkin, the entire plant was walking behind the coffin of the chief designer. By the Decree of the President of the USSR of October 4, for outstanding merits in strengthening the defense power of the Soviet state and a great personal contribution to the creation of the tank T Koshkin Mikhail Ilyich was awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor posthumously.

He was awarded the orders of Lenin Laureate of the Stalin Prize, posthumously. In Kharkov, not far from the Malyshev passing plant, a monument to the creator of the legendary “thirty -four” M. was solemnly opened in May of the year. In Kharkov, a memorial plaque was installed on the house in which he lived. The monument to the tank T, and in fact, M. Koshkin, is installed by the road, near his native village of Brynchagi in the Yaroslavl region.

In the village of Brynchagi, a bust is opened. In the city of Pereslavl-Zalessky, a street is named after him. Halder warned him: - You were included in a special commission. The fact is that it was possible to capture the Russian t in good condition, even a technical form was found with him. You and the designers have to disassemble T on the screw, and let the metallurgists at the same time find out what kind of manure the Russians are loading into their blanks?In order not to get dirty, capture your tank overalls thanks to neutral Switzerland, supplies for the Wehrmacht such wonderful anti -aircraft guns caused by the Nibelugoverka laboratories, the famous German tank builder - Ferdinand Porsche arrived.

But you, Paulus, do not forget the warnings of Bismarck: the Russians harness for a long time, but they quickly drive. From history, we know that Russia is always not ready for war, but in some strange way it turns out to be the winner of German experts most of all the engine - diesel in horsepower, completely made of aluminum: “The Russians cry that they do not have enough materials for airplanes, and they found aluminum engines for tanks, the commissions have to identify weaknesses in the design of the tank.

This caused the laughter of the chief designer: - Dear Paulus, are you living the first day in the world? It should know that genuine talents always have many envious people who want to discredit his comprehension. Only by this, and nothing else, I explain the criticism of this machine. Paulus jumped from the armor of the tank to the ground: a German anti -tank gun with a 76 mm caliber was already rolled out onto direct fire.

Everyone hid in shelter, observing from afar. The first shell, reconstructing, pulled out the brightest sheaf of sparks from the armor of the Soviet, the second one, hitting the tower, made a “candle”, and the highlighted flight path made up an accurate geometric vertical - to the sky! As a representative of Krupp, I testify to its defeat. T went to the Germans intact, inside him was left, as it was under the Russians.

The driver had a portrait of Stalin in front of him, and the tower, sending shells in the gun, could look at the photograph of his Kurnosa with the inscription: “Remember Lyuska! But in front of T, the Wehrmacht car appeared miserable dachshunds in front of a thoroughbred bulldog. The commission discovered: T had a specific pressure on one square centimeter in grams, which explained its high mobility by the German T-IV pressed on the soil an enhanced mass at once in one kilogram, which in the impassable slush of Russian roads promised great troubles.

Also with a tank! T yet has no analogues in the world: it is unique, and it is impossible to copy it. If we try to do this, we immediately rise into the ungodly wall of technical problems, which will remain insoluble for Germany and your opinion, Paulus? German designers frankly frightened aluminum diesel, all -lit towers made of steel from steel, they were not familiar with welding under the flux according to the method of our academician E.

But the obstinate Guderian insisted precisely on obtaining an exact copy of the Soviet tank. However, both Ferdinand Porsche and the engineers of the Berlin company Daimler - Benz, objected to him: - We signed up in our own impotence with accurate copying of the Russian tank. Unfortunately, T-IV has already been brought to the limit parameters, and its latest modifications are impossible.

So the idea of ​​future “tigers” and “panther” originated. But the monstrous ghost of the “thirty -four” no longer left the imagination of the Germans, and in the creation of new tanks, Germany now only imitated the ideal forms of the Russian tank. Now, when I write these lines, it’s even scary at the thought that we wanted to reject the best tank of the world: doubts caused diesel, a welded building, a cast tower and a purely caterpillar move, in other words, all the most worthy in the design, which brought the tank international glory.

And in the year, the military public of Germany celebrated the summer anniversary from the birthday of the first thirty -four, and on this memorable date the Germans laid out the gloomy web of fatal memories. Zoldat Und Technician magazine admitted that with its appearance it gave the perfect design of the tank, and therefore all world tank building, up to the end of the 20th century, will proceed only from those technical results that were achieved by Soviet science.

We, retreating in the forty -first, could be sure that there would be weapons and this weapon will be better than the enemy. ” Pikul V. Chapter the first crises, p.