Fatima Akhtaeva Biography

Her father Aslanbek Savvich Butaev was a lawyer and journalist.

Fatima’s mother died when the girl was seven years old. Then in North Ossetia there were absolutely no higher educational institutions, and the choice for secondary education was small. Fatima did not receive a systematic education, after the death of her mother and before her father’s second marriage, when the girl was 15 years old, she completely took over the household and raising four younger children.

In the year, having prepared independently, Fatima finally begins to regularly go to school. He begins his studies there, but because of a difficult relationship with the stepmother he transferred to Moscow a year later, to the Physics and Mathematics Department of the Pedagogical Faculty of the Second Moscow State University later he was disbanded to the 2nd Moscow Medical State Institute, the Moscow Institute of Subtle Chemical Technologies and the Moscow State Pedagogical Institute.

Of course, it was hard to leave my home, to immediately change my whole life. Fatima lived in a hostel, studied, but soon her health worsened very much: she had to remove the gall bladder. From the year, she could not study and, in order to somehow survive, worked as a secretary. Only in the year, Fatima was able to graduate from the institute and first settled in Samara Kuibyshev as a teacher of mathematics, and then returned to Moscow to teach theoretical mechanics at the technical school of the Metrostroy training plant.

But Fatima was beckoned by science. In the year, she gets a job at the All -Union Electrotechnical Institute of Vei. It was a major center where various areas of electric power industry were examined. Fatima fell into the recently created laboratory of light sources: she was organized on the initiative of Sergei Ivanovich Vavilov, who was then the president of the Academy of Sciences.

The laboratory was headed by Valentin manufacturer. Fatima Aslanbekovna got a job there, but a few days later she asked to transfer her to a scientific rate as a laboratory assistant. Thus began the quarry of Fatima Butaeva in the area of ​​the optics of the gas discharge. In addition to the obvious tendency to scientific thinking, Fatim Butima could create devices and equipment that she used in her work.

She was engaged in the study of the spectral composition and intensity of the radiation of ionized gases, studied the balance of energy of the mercury-argon discharge of low pressure. There were many problems during their creation: due to the pressure of mercury vapors, the lamps often exploded, the first samples had a bad color rendering. Nevertheless, the work was extremely important and Fatima was engaged in their development.

In the year, dangerous news comes from the hometown of Fatima: her father and uncle are repressed. Fatima becomes a member of the family of a traitor to the Motherland: this meant that at least she should be fired from the institute, and possibly send it from the city. For a whole year, the fate of Fatima hung in the balance, no one knew whether she would be allowed to work.

Fortunately, in an oral message she is given that she can stay at the institute. Since then, Fatima has become a very closed person: I tried not to mention her relatives, to talk less about her life. Fatima Butaeva was in evacuation, in Sverdlovsk Yekaterinburg. The work on the study of luminescence continues, and in the year Fatima Aslanbekovna defends his thesis.

From the year, the USSR begins to massively produce fluorescent lamps. In the year, as part of the collective of scientists, Fatima Buteva receives a Stalin Prize for this development. Fatima becomes the head of the laboratory of fluorescent lamps, where she worked for more than twenty -five years. Together with her colleague Valentin, the manufacturer Fatima Butima, she was engaged in another topic related to light.

So, they found out that when passing the light through a special environment, radiation intensifies. This completely contradicted the point of view accepted then, that radiation should, on the contrary, be absorbed by the environment. The group of the manufacturer was not taken seriously, and their articles refused to print in scientific journals. It is surprising that it was in the same year that the group of scientists Alexander Prokhorov, Nikolai Basov and Charles Towns worked independently received the Nobel Prize for the opening of the laser.

Their work was based on the principle described by the manufacturer and Butaeva, moreover, they even quoted their research in their work. Unfortunately, due to the fact that Fatima Butaeva was engaged in administrative work, and Valentin the manufacturer was in disgrace of the Soviet government, they could not closely engage in laser themes. Probably, the manufacturer and Butaeva had a chance to get into an application for the Nobel award, but the institute submitted data on employees, and both scientists had an insufficiently clean reputation.

The scheme of the first laser scheme of the first laser Fatim Aslanbekovna worked before retirement in the laboratory of fluorescent lamps, devoted a lot of time to young scientists and graduate students. She never started a family, but she helped her nephews and raised their children. Despite the scientific merits, she lived to the last in a small room in a communal apartment.

Fatima Aslanbekovna Butaeva died on June 19.