Kazan Theater Biography

Let's start with seniority - today the conversation about the oldest of our theaters - the BDT named after The material was prepared in the framework of the project “Theater of real time”, implemented jointly by the Real Time Internet Gazeta and the Avers Bank. Seminarians organized a school theater, he played comic interludes. It was within the walls of this school that the first theatrical performances in Kazan were held, which were arranged annually under the leadership of the teacher Vasily Sventitsky.

The activity of the seminar Theater was not without a trace: from the second half of the 18th century, theatrical performances began to be given in Kazan and students of the gymnasium. The Kazan gymnasium, which was "under the main department" of Moscow University, was established in the year and became a stronghold of education. An amateur theater was organized in the gymnasium, in which Sumarokov plays popular at that time.

Very moralizing, I must say. But once the repertoire changed - on April 26, in connection with the celebration of the anniversary of the founding of Moscow University, which coincided with the approval of the new staffing schedule, the first secular play by the social play in Kazan, Zh. Moliere "School of Husbands". It was a repertoire breakthrough!

But soon the unexpected happened - the performances were discontinued in connection with the uprising of Pugachev that had risen at that time throughout Russia. The local nobility was scared and left Kazan. And not in vain - Kazan suffered from the invasion of rebels. And in the year the gymnasium building burned down, and so Kazan was left without theatrical performances for 17 years.

By the way, historians of the theater seriously believe that the expression “artist of the fire theater” was first sounded in Kazan - theaters really burned with us often. The first professional theater in Kazan was established in the year, a house on Voskresenskaya Street was rented under it. The building has been preserved and now st. Kremlinskaya, 12 thanks to Prince Barataev but the first professional theater in Kazan was established in the year, his first manager was invited from St.

Petersburg by the Kazan governor, Prince Barataev, former court actor Vasily Rodionovich Bobrovsky. A house was rented under the theater on Voskresenskaya Street. The building of this theater has been preserved and now st. This Kremlin theater successfully lasted up to a year. The performances ceased in connection with the death of Catherine II, and after the resignation of Prince S.

Barataev, Bobrovsky left Kazan, and the troupe broke up in the year. But by this time, a passionate fan of the theater appeared in Kazan, the landowner Pavel Esipov. Esipov in the village of Yumatova in the Sviyazhsky district now Verkhneuslonsky district in his estate was a fortress theater.

Taking advantage of the arrival of Emperor Paul I in the year, Esipov showed him the art of his actors delivered on this occasion to Kazan, and asked for permission to organize constant performances in the city with his theater. Performance was given, but with the condition that Esipov will build a special building for this. After the coordination of the imperial permission in all bureaucratic authorities in the year, Esipov built the theater.

As the Plan of Kazan, who stored in the Russian archive of ancient acts, testifies to the corner of the modern streets of K. Marx and theatrical. The theater was built on a stone foundation. The length of the building was 50 fathoms, that is, meters, and the width of 25 fathoms 54 meters. Kazan at that time was a very small city, and not all its inhabitants were theaters.

So the theater began to bring six to seven thousand rubles of losses annually. And soon he went bankrupt. From the experiences of July 4, Pavel Petrovich Esipipov died. After a large fire on September 3, the theater building decided not to repair, and later it was scrapped. Pavel Petrovich Esipov with his wife and sons. The portrait belongs to the year.

Photo by Pandia. Up to a year, Kazan did not have the theater, and the performances took place in the local noble estates, of course, they were amateur. From a year to a year, the Kazan Theater heads P. he approached the organization of theatrical business almost practically, gathered a troupe of only ten people, because he could not count on large fees. He began to invite famous actors and decorators to Kazan.

The invitation of the latter was generally rare in the province. Shchepkin is one or with a daughter in the period from to gg. In addition, he saw in Kazan and invited Sadovsky to the Maly Theater - the founder of the famous acting dynasty, the descendants of which are still in different hypostles, serve the theater. Initially, the troupe was located on Voskresenskaya Street, where the building of the Faculty of Physics is now located in the Rodionova House.

From this house, the theater in the year moved to its own building, built in the form of a large wooden corps, and it was in the very place where TGAT Opera and Ballet now stands. The theater accommodated to the man. On this very scene in September, Schepkin himself set the Gogol's “auditor”. But in the year there was a fire again, and the theater building died.A government commission was created, which was engaged in the circumstances of the case of a fire and allocated subsidies to build new public buildings.

Governor S. Shipov began to bother about the allocation of subsidies for the construction of a new stone building in Kazan. In the year, the first stone was laid on the site of the future theater. The project was created by the capital architect I. Bessonov, appointed by the chief architect in Kazan. Photo by Archive. Strelkov, the theater troupe gave performances in Vlasyev’s house on Bolshaya Red.

It was this theater that the brothers Lev and Sergey Tolstoy visited. This house is preserved. Here Lev Tolstoy saw the “auditor” with the St. Petersburg actor A. Martynov as Khlestakov. Martynov made such a great impression on young Tolstoy that he subsequently did not perceive a single other performer of this role. By this time, the construction of a stone theater was just over.

The theater turned out to be one of the largest in Russia and in size was inferior only to Odessa and Warsaw, the hall accommodated to the man. All modern theaters of Kazan now have halls with fewer seats. The next fifty years, since the mid -19th century, the theater historians call the golden age of the Kazan stage the Golden Age of the Kazan Theater. Four names-N.

Miloslavsky, P. Medvedev, M. Borodai, N. Sobolshchikov-Samarin-played a special role in the history of the Kazan Theater, creating an enduring glory to him. In the year, the theater was headed by a talented actor and entrepreneur N. He formed a repertoire of the theater from drama of a high artistic level. In the year, the entrepreneur P. came to Kazan in a year in parallel with the dramatic, he organized an opera troupe, and from that time Kazan actually found his constant opera theater.

Fifteen years, from a year, headed by Medvedev the Kazan Theater, until he switched to service in the Alexandrinsky Theater. In the year, the Kazan strata was occupied by M. Stanislavsky, and later the Moscow art public theater. A beard introduces charity performances into practice in favor of different public organizations, gymnasium students and students. One day a week, the so -called public performance was arranged, tickets for which were sold much cheaper than on ordinary days.

In the year, M. Borodai left for Kyiv, replaced him at the post by N. thanks to Sobolshchikov-Samarina Kazan met with the work of the great actress Vera Komissarzhevskaya. Photo SPB. Sableders continued the tradition and paid a lot of attention to the opera. For the first time in theatrical practice, an opera libretto was printed, accompanied by art history articles, with translation into Tatar.

For the Tatar viewer, translations and retelling of classical works of Russian drama were made. In the same years, thanks to Sobolshchikov-Samarin, Kazan got acquainted with the work of the great actress Vera Komissarzhevskaya, who came to Kazan four times on tour and played her most significant roles here. Who walks the right there? Left, left! In the year, after the fire that destroyed the old city theater, the dramatic troupe moved to the Bolshoi Theater building, and the opera - to the building of the new theater is now the Drama and Comedy Theater.

In December, a dramatic studio has begun in the theater’s premises, which lasted up to a year and released a galaxy of artists of different generations in the future. Belokurov and E. Zarubina, M.