Charushins biography
Charushin E. Stories about animals. He was the best artist an animalist. He had no equal. But Evgeny Charushin was one of those kind and humane children's writers who retained the immediacy and freshness of the childish view of the world of animals and children's perception of life, who managed to convey this view to children's consciousness kindly and with clear simplicity.
The art of Evgeny Charushin, good, humane, is already pleasing for more than one generation of little readers and teaches them to love the magical world of animals and birds. In Charushin, everything was amazing. Starting with the surname. It would seem that the etymology of the surname “Charushin” goes back to the words “Chara”, “sorcerer”, “fascinating”. This is a very seductive version, because the artist and writer Carushin E.
So, in the dialectic dialects of the Urals, they called the form for baking of the estimate dough. According to his projects, more buildings were built in Sarapul, Izhevsk, Vyatka. He had a significant impact on the development of the cities of Prikamye and the Prevent, a huge region where he was a leading architect, including because of his status, the main provincial architect.
The profession of an architect requires, as a necessary condition, to be a good drawer. Like his father, the architect, young Charushin himself sprinkled perfectly from childhood. The novice artist painted in his own words "mainly animals, birds and Indians on horses." There was quite enough living nature for a young artist. She was everywhere. Firstly, the parental house itself with a huge overgrown garden was densely inhabited by all kinds of animals.
It was a real home zoo - a clocking, grunting, dazhy, meowing and barking. In the courtyard, piglets, turkeys, rabbits, chickens, kittens and every bird-chi, waxworms, chigles, various shot by someone on the hunt, were nursed and treated. Cats lived in the house itself, cages with birds hung on the windows, there were aquariums and banks with fish, and a certain Bobka lived in the house.
It was a dog about three paws, a bosom friend of little Zhenya Charushin. This dog “always lay on the stairs. Everyone stumbled about him and scolded. I caressed him and often told him about my childish griefs. ” Secondly, in addition to all this moving and stirring abundance, nature could always run into the workshop of a nuclear, which was a stone's throw from the Charushin house.
There, animals could be considered at rest. Books about the life of animals were his favorite reading of Zhenya Charushin. Seton-Tompson, Long, Bir-these are his favorite authors. But once his father gave him 7 heavy folios for his birthday. It was the book of A. Brem "The Life of Animals." It was such a coincidence that Charushin was born on the day of the death of the great German zoologist Alfred Edmund Brem.
His fundamental work in the seven volumes was the most expensive for Evgeny Ivanovich Charushin Book. He was shore and re -read all his life. And the fact that the novice artist painted more and more animals and birds, this is also a considerable share of the influence of Bram. After graduating from high school, where he studied with Yuri Vasnetsov, Charushin was drafted into the Red Army.
It was used “in the specialty”, and he was appointed assistant decorator in the cultural space of the political department of the headquarters of the Red Army of the Eastern Front. Having served 4 years, almost the entire civil war, he returned home and decided to study as a professional artist. In Vyatka, it was possible to study only in the decorative workshops of the Vyatka Provincial Committee, but it was not serious, the real school of drawing the province could not give.
Young Charushin understood this, and in the fall of that year he left for Petersburg. The cherished goal of any novice artist is the Academy. Kareva, A. Savinova, M. Matyushin, A. At the end of his studies, Charushin came to the children's department of the State Publishing House, which was in charge of the famous artist Vladimir Lebedev, with his developments. At this time, starting in the 10ths, the leaders of the country, ruined by the war, faced the task of educating new generations of builders of the Social Justice Society, which had no analogues in world practice.
Of course, this enterprise was very utopian, because the whole people had to re -educate. They faced the task of forming a new type of human worldview, Soviet. The technology of effective influence on the development of the personality of future builders of the justice society has become an extensive network of children's newspapers and magazines. It was necessary to create fundamentally new books specifically for small citizens of the Soviet state.
Books should have been highly artistic and, at the same time, informative and interesting-cognitive. Among the numerous newspapers and magazines created by order of the party and government, the Hedgehog and Chizh magazines and Chizh were born in Leningrad. These names are the abrasions that appeared in the Russian language in the first years of Soviet power and which are still popular.
Yes, these magazines are not about animals and not about birds, not about hedgehogs and chisya. But it may seem only at first glance.They are just about animals and birds too, although the “Hedgehog” is just a “monthly magazine”, and “Chizh” is an “extremely interesting magazine”, but their significance for educating children of kindness and love for animals is endless.
The author’s composition of the magazines was selected in the children's department of the Leningrad branch of the State Publishing House GIZ in Leningrad. The official head of the magazines was a certain S. Gusin, a man "completely devoid of humor and literary talents", and the unofficial ruler of magazines, their soul and the main consultant became S. Among whom was a young Ural artist Yevgeny Charushin.
It was Marshak who saw in a young artist not only a wonderful drawer, but also a wonderful storyteller. And it was with the blessing of Marshak Charushin who began to write his wonderful children's stories, which are not harmful sometimes to adults. The atmosphere of the editorial office did not fit with the editorial work on the development of the methods of re -education and upbringing of the people, painstaking and renunciation.
And less it was like the state atmosphere of a state institution. It rather resembled a bohemian gathering, a disorderly literary studio, where cheerful improvisations, jokes, parodies, epigrams ... One of the employees who worked at the fun academy sounded inexorably inexorably, I recalled: “The whole fifth floor daily and during all my office hours was shaken with laughter.
Some visitors to the children's department were weakened from laughter, which, which, was laid off from laughter. Having finished their affairs, they went out onto the stairwell, holding their hands by the walls, like drunk. " Oddly enough, young writers exercised their imagination, imagination and wit. Such an atmosphere helped them maintain their highest creative tone and acquire unique professional qualities to create fun and cognitive children's literature, for the young talents that worked in the magazine seriously took the idea of educating cheerful and good builders of a happy, fair, “bright future”.
Evgeny Ivanovich Charushin perfectly joined this funny "Academy". He actively collaborated with children's magazines - with Murzilka magazine, he settled near the house of the book, on the Fontanka embankment, in house 9, near the summer garden, first in one room, and then in a spacious apartment. And here, in the Leningrad apartment, he arranged the same hostel for his beloved animals, characters of his drawings and stories.
There lived a hunting dog, and hare, and cats of Puni and Tyupa, the lupus and foxes, whom he brought from the zoo, where he loved to be and make sketches from nature. In the house of Yevgeny Ivanovich, it was always full of animals, and birds: Chisya, Galks, Oatmeal, Chechels, Pereprets, Parrots. In the apartment on Fontanka Charushin, the micromy that surrounded him in childhood was recreated.
And he himself remembered his childhood as follows: “As I woke up in the morning, I remembered that today my birthday and I would give me something. I jumped out of bed and see - on the table by the bed two birds in a cage, growth from a sparrow, green, funny heads, beams bent, I was delighted! This is probably a poultry. клеткой - книжка громадная: "Атлас птиц в картинках" Выхожу я в столовую чай пить - может, еще что хорошее подарят.
А мне папа дает книгу - Некрасова "Сочинения", мама - штаны, бабушка - чулки. Показал я отцу своих американских попугаев. Отец спрашивает: - Эти тоже поют? Он и говорит: - Ну так вот. Ты всех этих крикунов немедленно выпустишь на волю. Я из-за They don’t sleep for the second month in the morning, all in my room, in cages. They chattered great. To the whole house! Because of this, I kept them.
And the father was sleeping nearby.