Bumps biography

Life and its manifestations, now, as always, "" forest hero-artist "," king of the forest "-the so-called contemporaries called Ivan Shishkin. The father of the artist, Ivan Vasilievich, was a very respected man in the city: he was elected city head for several years in a row, spent a wooden water supply system in Elabuga and even created the first book about the history of the city.

Being a man of versatile hobbies, he dreamed of giving his son a good education and at the age of 12 he sent him to the first Kazan gymnasium. However, young Shishkin was already interested in art more than the exact sciences. In the gymnasium, he was bored and, not completing his studies, he returned to his parental house with the words that he did not want to do an official.

Then his views on the art and calling of the artist, which he have preserved throughout his life, began to form. Shishkin’s mother, Daria Aleksandrovna, was upset by her son’s inability to study and household chores. She did not approve of his enthusiasm for drawing and called this occupation of "patchbrand paper." Although his father sympathized with Ivan's passions to the beautiful, he also did not share his detachment from life problems.

Shishkin had to hide from relatives and draw by candlelight at night. Seriously about the profession of the artist Shishkin thought for the first time when Moscow painters arrived in Elabuga to paint the iconostasis of the local church. The whole school gradually learned about his drawings. Soboks and even teachers noted that “Shishkin draws such species that no one has yet painted before him: just a field, a forest, a river - and they go out as beautifully as Swiss species.” By the end of the learning, it became clear: the artist was undoubted - and really one of a kind - talent.

He began to gain his own style and attitude to nature. With the attention of the biologist, he examined and felt the trunks of trees, herbs, mosses, the smallest leaves. In the year, Shishkin graduated from the Academy with a large gold medal, which he also received for the types of Valaam, and went abroad. He visited Munich, Zurich and Geneva, wrote a lot with a pen, first tried to engrave “royal vodka”.

In the year, the artist moved to Dusseldorf, where he started working on "a view in the vicinity of Dusseldorf." This landscape, filled with air and light, brought him the title of academician. After six years of foreign travel, Shishkin returned to Russia.

According to the memoirs of Alexandra Komarova, the niece of the painter, he himself never was in the artel, but he constantly visited his friends' creative Fridays and took the most lively participation in their affairs. In the year, Shishkin first married. The artist loved her and the children born in marriage, could not leave them for a long time, because he believed that without him something terrible would happen at home.

Shishkin turned into a tender father, a sensitive husband and a welcoming owner, in whose house friends constantly visited. They had especially warm relations with Kramsky. The artists traveled together around Russia in search of a new nature, Kramskoy watched Shishkin’s successes and admired how his friend and colleague was attentive to nature in its various states, how accurately and subtly he conveyed color.

Shishkin’s talent once again noted the Academy, erecting him to the rank of professor for the painting “Forest of the Forest”. His wife died in the year, why he was closed, his character-and performance-began to deteriorate due to frequent binges. Due to constant quarrels, many loved ones and friends stopped talking with him. Apparently, the habit of work saved him: because of his pride, Shishkin could not afford to miss the place that he had already firmly occupied in art circles, and continued to write paintings that became more popular thanks to mobile exhibitions.

It was during this period that the “first snow”, “road in the pine forest”, “pine forest”, “rye” and other famous paintings of the master were created. And in X Shishkin married the beauty Olga Lagoda, his student. His second wife also died, just a year after the wedding - and the artist again went headlong into the work that allowed him to forget. He was attracted by the variability of nature of nature, he sought to catch and capture the elusive nature.

He experimented with combinations of different brushes and strokes, honed the construction of forms, the transfer of the most delicate color shades. This painstaking work is especially noticeable in the works of the end of the X, for example, in the landscapes of the “pine, lit by the sun”, “oaks. Evening ”,“ Morning in a pine forest ”and“ off the coast of the Gulf of Finland ”.

Shishkin’s painting was struck by the contemporaries of how easily and freely he experimented, while achieving amazing realism. Life and its manifestations, now, as always ”at the end of the 19th century, the period that was difficult for the partnership of mobile art exhibitions came - the artists had more and more generational disagreements. Shishkin was attentive to young authors, because he tried to introduce something new to his work and understood that the termination of development means decline even for the eminent master.The students immensely respected Shishkin, despite the fact that he professed other aesthetic principles, adhered to a different art system.

In March, Shishkin was gone. The artist was buried at the Smolensk Orthodox cemetery in St. Petersburg, but in the year his ashes were moved along with the monument to the Tikhvinsky cemetery of the Alexander Nevsky Lavra. The main image: Ivan Kramskoy. Portrait of Ivan Shishkin fragment. State Russian Museum, St. Petersburg in publications.